: A flat stone pestle and mortar used to grind fresh spices and chutneys, preserving raw flavors better than electric blenders.

Originating from royal kitchens, dum involves sealing a heavy-bottomed pot with dough and cooking the contents over a very slow fire. This traps the steam, forcing the ingredients to cook in their own juices and absorb the full essence of the spices.

: Sharp tartness from tamarind and fresh curry leaves. The Sacred Kitchen Rituals