-factor Method): Expresses head loss as a fraction of velocity head: Equivalent Length Method ( Leqcap L sub e q end-sub
The finalized value is rounded up to the nearest standard commercial wall thickness schedule (e.g., Schedule 40, Schedule 80, Schedule XS, or Schedule XXS). 5. Flange Pressure Ratings (ASME B16.5) -factor Method): Expresses head loss as a fraction
) for straight pipe under internal pressure, ASME B31.3 prescribes the following formula (for -factor Method): Expresses head loss as a fraction