Every request to view, edit, or delete an object must query the database to verify that the authenticated session possesses the explicit permission to alter that specific resource. Strict Input Whitelisting
The , the industry's gold standard for web application security risks, highlights broken access control, cryptographic failures, and injection flaws as the most critical concerns. Similarly, MITRE's 2025 CWE Top 25 ranks Cross-Site Scripting (CWE-79), SQL Injection (CWE-89), and Cross-Site Request Forgery (CWE-352) as the three most dangerous software weaknesses. gruyere learn web application exploits defenses top
Modern frameworks handle CSRF out of the box, but understanding the underlying mechanism is vital for legacy or custom environments. Every request to view, edit, or delete an
Client (Browser) Exploit: Attacker injects malicious JavaScript into a trusted website, which then runs in victims’ browsers. Modern frameworks handle CSRF out of the box,
Generate a unique, unpredictable, and secret token for each user session. Require this token in every state-changing request ( POST , PUT , DELETE ). The server must validate the token before processing the request.
Implement a strong CSP header to restrict which scripts can run on your page.
Never trust a client-side ID or role. Re-verify the user's permissions on the server for every sensitive action.